Huswa chikamu chakakosha chebasa rekurima miti, uye kufukidzwa kwehuswa chimwe chezviratidzo zvakakosha zvekuongorora huwandu hwekurima miti kwemazuva ano. Miti yekurima miti inonyanya kureva miti midiki inofukidza ivhu. Inogona kushandiswa kugadzira nzvimbo yakakura yehuswa hwakati sandara kana hune mafungu mashoma. Ndiwo mamwe emamiriro ezvinhu akakosha anoratidza nharaunda yekurima miti uye huwandu hwekurima miti. Huswa haisi nzvimbo chete yekuti vanhu vazorore uye vashanyire mumapaki, magadheni, masikweya, migwagwa, mazoo, magadheni emiti, mapaki emitambo, zvikoro, zvipatara, nezvimwewo, asi inogonawo kushandiswa kunhandare dzemitambo, nhandare dzendege, madhamu, nzizi, njanji, migwagwa mikuru, uye kudzivirira materu. Ndiwo miti ine ivhu rakanaka.
Sarudzo yehuswa
Sarudzo yegirini remundazvine chekuita nemamiriro enzvimbo yekudyara, hunhu hwehuswa uye maitiro ehupenyu hwemhando yehuswa. Kana huswa huchigona kushandisa zvizere mabhenefiti ahwo zvinoenderana zvakananga nemarudzi ehuswa akasarudzwa. Nokudaro, zvinhu zvinotevera zvinofanirwa kutariswa pakusarudza mhando yehuswa: ① Mhando dzehuswa dzinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze emunharaunda, dziri nyore kubereka, dzinokura nekukurumidza, uye dzinochengetedza mashizha egirinhi akajeka kwenguva yakareba mugore rose. ② Rudzi rwehuswa hunogara kwenguva refu husingachekeri kana kutsikwa, uye hune hunyanzvi hwakasimba hwekukwikwidzana nemasora. ③ Kugona kwakasimba kwekuchinjana nemamiriro ekunze akaipa, kusinganeti nekusanaya kwemvura, kuzara kwemvura, magasi anokuvadza, zvipembenene nezvirwere, kusabereka, nezvimwewo. ④ Zvichienderana nemamiriro ekuchengetedza nekutarisira, edza kusarudza mhando dzehuswa dzine zvirimwa zvipfupi, mashizha matete, kukura nguva dzose, uye ruvara rwemashizha akanaka.
Kugadzirira ivhu usati wadyara
Usati waisa huswa, ivhu riri panzvimbo yacho rinofanira kunatsiridzwa uye nzira yekudhonza mvura nekudiridza inofanira kugadzirwa. Pakutanga kwekugadzwa kwehuswa, masora anofanira kubviswa uye mataira ese, majecha nemamwe marara anofanira kubviswa panzvimbo yacho. Huswa hunofanira kuenzaniswa nekuzadza kwakawanda uye kuzadza kwakaderera. Miti yehuswa huswa hwakaderera husina midzi yakakora uye kupararira kwemidzi isina kudzika. Edza kuita kuti ukobvu hwevhu huve hwemasendimita makumi mana, zviri nani husapfuure makumi matatu. Kana ivhu rikawanikwa munzvimbo dzemunharaunda, Kana jira risina kunaka kana kuti paine ivhu rakasanganiswa rakawandisa, ivhu rinofanira kutsiviwa kuti huswa hukure zvakaenzana. Pakugadzirira ivhu, unogona kuisa fetereza yekutanga, senge manyowa, manyowa, peat nedzimwe fetereza dzeorganic, wobva warima kamwe chete, wobva waenzanisa ivhu kudzivirira kuungana kwemvura. Nzvimbo yakanaka yehuswa yakatsetseka inofanira kunge yakakwira zvishoma pakati uye zvishoma nezvishoma ichitsvedza kuenda kumativi kana kumicheto. Huswa hwakakomberedza chivakwa hunofanira kunge hwakadzika masendimita mashanu pane hwaro uye hwobva hwatsvedza kuenda kunze. Masango ane ivhu rakaoma zvakanyanya kana kuti mvura yepasi yakakwira zvakanyanya kana kuti ane mvura yakawandisa, pamwe chete nemashanga ari munhandare dzemitambo, anofanira kunge aine mapaipi akavanzika kana migero yakavhurika yekubuditsa mvura. Nzvimbo yakakwana yekubuditsa mvura inzira yemapombi akavanzika akabatana nepamusoro pemvura kana network yemapaipi ekubvisa mvura. Nzvimbo isati yanyatsogadzirwa, network yemapaipi ekudiridza inosprinkler inofanirawo kuvigwa.
Maitiro ekuitamasango emiti
1.1 Nzira yekudyara
Yakakodzera mhando dzehuswa dzine mbeu dzakawanda uye dziri nyore kuunganidza, dzakadai sebuffalo grass, tall fescue, zoysia grass, carex, bluegrass, clover, Manila grass, nezvimwewo, zvinogona kuparadzirwa nembeu. Kazhinji dzinodyarwa mumatsutso kana muchirimo, dzinogonawo kudyarwa muzhizha, asi mbeu zhinji dzehuswa dzinomera zvisina kunaka kana kuchipisa. Chaizvoizvo, mbeu dzehuswa dzemwaka unodziya dzinodyarwa muchirimo uye dzinogona kudyarwa mukupera kwechirimo nekutanga kwezhizha; mbeu dzehuswa dzemwaka unotonhora dzinodyarwa mumatsutso. Kuti kumera kuwedzere, mbeu dzakaoma kumera dzinofanira kurapwa dzisati dzadyarwa. Dzinogona kunyikwa mu 0.5% NaOH solution kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana, dzogezwa nemvura dzoomeswa dzisati dzadyarwa. Izvi zvichaita kuti kumera kumere uye kubude zvakanaka, senge mbeu dzezoysia. Pamusoro pezvo, kana ganda rembeu yehuswa hwemakwai risina mhepo yakakwana, ingoisuka nemvura yakachena usati wadyara. Kudyara mbeu kunosanganisira kudyara kumwe chete uye kudyara kwakasanganiswa kwemarudzi maviri kusvika matatu. Pakudyara chete, huwandu hunofanira kutariswa zvichienderana nembeu yeuswa, mwero wekumera kwembeu, nezvimwewo. Chiyero chenguva dzose i10-20 g/m2. Kudyara kwakasanganiswa kunosanganisira kusanganisa dzimwe mbeu nekukurumidza usati wagadzira uswa, zvakaita se85% kusvika 90% yehuswa hwebhuruu uye 10% kusvika 15% yehuswa hwebent.
1.2 Nzira yekudyara hunde
Nzira yekudyara matsinde inogona kushandiswa kune mhando dzehuswa dzinobatwa nezvipembenene zvakaita sedogroot, carpet grass, zoysia tenuifolia, creeping bentgrass, nezvimwewo. Nzira iyi ndeyekuputira uswa hwaamai, kuzunza ivhu rakanamira pamidzi kana kurisuka nemvura, wobva waparadzira midzi kana kuicheka kuita zvikamu zvipfupi zve5 kusvika 10 cm kureba, chikamu chimwe nechimwe chiine kanenge bundu rimwe chete. Paradzira zvikamu zvidiki zvehuswa zvakaenzana pavhu, wobva wavhara nevhu rakatsetseka rakakora rinenge 1 cm, dzvanya zvishoma, wobva wapfapfaidza mvura ipapo ipapo. Kubva zvino zvichienda mberi, pfapfaidza mvura kamwe chete pazuva mangwanani nemanheru, uye zvishoma nezvishoma deredza huwandu hwemvura inopfapfaidzwa mushure mekunge midzi yadzika midzi. Madzinde anogona kudyarwa muchirimo apo mbeu dzehuswa dzinotanga kumera, asi zvinowanzoitwa kubva muna Nyamavhuvhu kusvika Gunyana mumatsutso, nekuti zvinotora mwedzi mitatu kudyara muchirimo, uye mwedzi miviri kudyara mumatsutso kuti kuvhare ivhu.
1.3 Nzira yekudyara yakapatsanurwa
Mushure mekufukura huswa, sunungura masango zvakanaka woadyara mumakomba kana zvidimbu zviri kure. Kana Zoysia tenuifolia ikadyarwa yoga, inogona kudyarwa muzvidimbu zviri kure ne30 kusvika 40 cm. Pa 1 m2 yega yega yehuswa hwakadyarwa, 30 kusvika 50 m2 inogona kudyarwa. Mushure mekudyara, dzvanya woidiridza zvizere. Mune ramangwana, chenjerera kuti usaomese ivhu uye simbisa hutongi. Mushure mekudyara, huswa hunogona kufukidzwa nevhu mushure memakore maviri. Kana uchida kuwanda nekukurumidza uye kugadzira huswa, pfupisa daro riri pakati pezvidimbu.
1.4 Nzira yekuparadzira
Chinhu chikuru chakanakira nzira iyi ndechekuti inogona kugadzira uswa nekukurumidza, inogona kuitwa chero nguva, uye iri nyore kutarisira mushure mekudyara. Zvisinei, inodhura uye inoda huswa hwakawanda. Inogona kukamurwa kuita mafomu anotevera.
(1) Nzira yekuvhara matanda. Nzira yekufukidza ivhu rese pasina kusiya mipata. Cheka huswa kuita zvidimbu zvirefu, 25 kusvika 30 cm yakafara uye 4 kusvika 5 cm yakakora. Haifanirwe kunge yakakora zvakanyanya kuti isanyanya kurema. Pakucheka huswa, isa bhodhi rehuni rine upamhi hwakati pahuswa, wobva waricheka nefoshoro yehuswa pamucheto webhodhi rehuni. Pakuisa huswa, daro re1 kusvika 2 cm rinofanira kusiiwa panzvimbo dzinobatanidzwa huswa. Huswa hunogona kudzvanywa uye kupwanywa nechubhu kuti huswa huve pamusoro pevhu rakatenderedza husangane. Nenzira iyi, huswa nevhu zvinobatana, zvakachengetedzwa kubva pakusanaya kwemvura, uye huswa huri nyore kukura. Sod inofanira kudiridzwa zvakakwana usati waisa uye mushure mekuisa.
(2) Nzira yepakati pekugadzira matanda. Kazhinji kune nzira mbiri dzekugadzira matanda. Yekutanga ndeyekushandisa huswa hwakaita rectangular, hunogadzirwa nematanda uye hunotenderedzwa, hune chinhambwe che3 kusvika 6 cm pakati pechidimbu chimwe nechimwe, uye nzvimbo yakagadzirwa nematanda inoita 1/3 yenzvimbo yese. Chimwe ndechekuti chidimbu chimwe nechimwe chehuswa chakarongwa zvakasiyana, chakaita seruva replum, uye nzvimbo yekudyara i1/2 yenzvimbo yese. Pakudyara, nzvimbo inodyarwa huswa inofanira kucherwa zvichienderana nekukora kwehuswa kuti huswa nevhu zvive zvakaenzana. Kana huswa hwaiswa, hunogona kudzvinyirirwa uye hwozodiridzwa. Semuenzaniso, pakudyara muchirimo, matanda anokura kumativi ese mushure memwaka wemvura, uye huswa huchabatanidzwa zvakanyanya.
(3) Nzira yekuparadzira zvinhu. Cheka huswa kuita zvidimbu zvirefu zvehupamhi hwemasendimita matanhatu kusvika gumi nemaviri wozvidyara nemutsara we20 kusvika makumi matatu. Huswa hwakaiswa nenzira iyi hunogona kubatanidzwa zvizere mushure mehafu yegore. Kutarisira mushure mekudyara kwakafanana nenzira yekubatanidza matanda.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-31-2024