Zvichienderana nemaitiro anoita mhando dzehuswa mumamiriro ekunze, kunyanya tembiricha, mhando dzehuswa dzegorofu dzakakamurwa kuva mhando dzehuswa dzinogara mwaka unodziya uye mhando dzehuswa dzinogara mwaka unotonhora. Tembiricha yakanakira kukura kwemidzi yehuswa dzinogara mwaka unodziya (tembiricha yepasi) i10-18 degrees Celsius, uye tembiricha yakanakira kukura kwehunde nemashizha (tembiricha yemhepo) i16-24 degrees Celsius; kune huswa dzinogara mwaka unodziya, tembiricha yakanakira midzi i25-29 degrees Celsius, uye tembiricha yemhepo i27-35 degrees Celsius.
Huswa hwemwaka wekutonhorera: Huswa hwemwaka wekutonhorera hunowanzo wanikwa panguva yekutonhorera kwegore, kureva kuti, kumaodzanyemba mumatsutso, muchando nemuchirimo; kuchamhembe muchirimo nemuchirimo. Huswa hwemwaka wekutonhorera hunosanganisira: hwakakotama, bluegrass, rye nefescue
Huswa hwemwaka unodziya: Nguva yekukura kwehuswa hwemwaka unodziya inowanikwa mumwedzi inopisa yegore, inova kupera kwechirimo, zhizha uye kutanga kwematsutso kumaodzanyemba nenzvimbo yekuchinja. Huswa hwemwaka unodziya hunosanganisira huswa hweBermuda, Zoysia neSeashore Paspalum. Huswa hwemwaka unodziya munhandare yegorofu hunowanzo sanganiswa nehuswa hwemwaka unotonhora kuti hurambe huine ruvara munguva yechando. Rye nedzimwe mhando dzehuswa hwekutanga dzinosarudzwa.
Mbeu dzehuswa hwekutanga: Huswa hwekutanga hwakashandiswa munzvimbo dzegorofuHuswa hwemafuro hwaivepo panzvimbo iyi, uye huswa hwekutanga hwakadyarwa munhandare dzegorofu hwaivewo huswa hwemafuro emuno. Pamberi pemakore ekuma1930, nzvimbo dzegorofu dzakavakwa kuchamhembe kweUnited States dzaishandisa huswa hwakakombama hwakasanganiswa sehuswa hwegorofu. Huswa hwakakombama hwaive ne80% COLONIAL bent, 10% VELVET bent uye kadiki kakakombama. MuNew England, VELVET bent yaishandiswa kune greens. Mbeu idzi dzehuswa dzaive amai vekurima mbeu dzehuswa hwegorofu mune ramangwana.
Muna 1916, masayendisiti akati wandei kubva kuUnited States Department of Agriculture (USDA) akatanga sangano rainzi Arlington Lawn Garden, iro rakazvipira kuongorora nekuberekesa mbeu dzehuswa dzakakodzera miriwo. Muna 1921, vakatanga kushandira pamwe neUSDA kuti vagadzire zviri pamutemo United States Golf Association (USGA) kuti vawedzere tsvakiridzo pamusoro pembeu dzehuswa. Vakatsvaga huswa hune mashandiro akanaka kubva kwese kwese, senge magadzirirwo akanaka emashizha, ruvara, huwandu uye kudzivirira zvirwere, uye vakahudyara mubhedhuru reArlington Lawn Garden. USGA yakashandisa bhii C kuhuisa nenhamba kuti hurimwe. Muna 1927, US Department of Agriculture yakazivisa kuti yakanga yagadzira huswa hwakanakisa hwegirini - huswa hunokambaira hwakakombama. Vachishandisa tekinoroji iyi yekubereka husina pabonde, miriwo yakawanda inofukidzwa nembatya dzegirini, asi nekuti hunorimwa husina pabonde, kudzivirira kwahwo nezvipembenene hakugone kuvandudzwa.
Uswa hwakakombama: Masayendisiti akatanga kudzidza muPennsylvania muna 1940 kuti vaedze kutsvaga uswa hwakakombama hwakafanana uye hwakagadzikana. Mushure memakore mapfumbamwe ekushanda nesimba, vakarima uswa hwakakombama hwakanzi PENNCROSS, hwakatangwa muna 1954 ndokutanga kutsiva uswa hwakakombama hwekare. Pamberi pemakore ekuma1990, PENNCROSS ndiyo yaive uswa hwakanyanya kufarirwa. Kunyangwe mhando itsva dzakatangwa, PENNCROSS ichiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya nanhasi.
Kutsvagurudza mbeu dzehuswa muPennsylvania kuchiri kuenderera mberi. Pasi pekutungamirirwa kwaDr. Joe Duwick, PENNEAGLE bent yakatangwa muna 1978 uye PENNLINKS bent yakatangwa muna 1986. Kubva muna 1980 kusvika 1990, kutsvagurudza pamusoro pebent kwainyanya kutarisa pakurima mhando dzine simba rekudzivirira kupisa kuti dziwedzere kuchinjika kwadzo. Kuburikidza nekutsvagurudza muTexas neUSGA, mhando itsva dzebent CATO neCRENSHAW dzakatangwa. Panguva imwe chete, kutsvagurudza kwaJoe Duwick wePennsylvania kwakatarisa pakuvandudza kushivirira kwebent kana yakachekwa zvishoma. Kuedza kwake kwakatungamira pakutanga kwebent A neG series. Mamwe makambani embeu dzehuswa akatangawo mhando dzakanaka dzakadai se: SR1020, L-93, PROVIDENCE, BACKSPIN, IMPERIAL, nezvimwewo. Humwe huswa hune mbeu: Kentucky bluegrass ne perennial ryegrass zvakaberekerwa zvakanyanya mumakore makumi mana kusvika makumi mashanu apfuura, zvichitarisa pakurima maembryo kuti zvive nyore kusarudzwa kwemhando dzakasiyana dzembeu dzehuswa dzine patent nemakambani akasiyana embeu dzehuswa, kusanganisira:
Huswa hwemwaka unodziya: Huswa hweBermuda hwakakodzera nzvimbo dzinopisa, dzinopisa uye dzekumaodzanyemba kwenyika; munzvimbo inoshanduka yemamiriro ekunze yeUnited States, Zoysia inonyanya kushandiswa pamigwagwa mikuru, asi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muJapan, Korea neChina; Huswa hweBuffalo, uswa hwemuGreat Plains yeNorth America, hwakakodzera huswa hurefu munzvimbo dzine hunyoro, dzisina mvura yakawanda uye dzisina mvura yakawanda; Seashore Paspalum, uswa hunonyanya kushivirira munyu mumwaka unodziya, hwakakodzera nzvimbo dzinopisa uye dzinopisa, uye mhando dzahwo dzakavandudzwa dzinogona kushandiswa sehuswa hwematerasi,girini nemigwagwa yefairways.
Uswa hweBermuda nemahybrids ahwo: Uswa hweBermuda hunonyanya kushandiswa hunogona kunge hwakaparadzirwa nevaongorori vekutanga vekuSpain. Muna 1924, United States yakatanga mhando yeBermuda inonzi ATLANTA, uye muna 1938, U3. Gare gare, Bobby Jones, mutambi wegorofu mukuru, paakaenda kuEgypt kunotamba gorofu, akaunza netsaona mhando itsva yeBermuda grass kubva kuEgypt, UGANDAGRASS. Pamberi pa1950, kwaingova neBermuda series idzi chete dzaigona kusarudzwa. Muma1950 nema1960, uswa hweBermuda hwakava huswa hukuru hwegorofu. Muma1940, musayendisiti wekuUS Department of Agriculture, Glen Burton, akawana netsaona huswa hwakakora, hupfupi, hwemhando yepakati mumunda wake wekudya muguta reTifton, Georgia. Mushure mekusanganisa, akatanga Tifton 57 (TIFLAWN) muna 1957. Uswa uhwu hwakakodzera kudyarwa panhandare yemitambo asi kwete pagirinhi nekuti hunokura nekukurumidza. Saka Burton akaramba achidzidza uye akadzidza kuti mumwe musayendisiti akanga asanganisa Tifton 57 yake nemidzi yembwa yemuno muAfrica. Mushure mekufemerwa, akatsigira uye akawana midzi yembwa yemuno munhandare dzegorofu dzekumaodzanyemba. Mushure memazana emhando dze ...
Kusvika nanhasi, Tifton ichiri nzvimbo ine simba yekuziva mhando dzeBermuda hybrids. Mumakore achangopfuura, mumwe musayendisiti, Hanna, achiri kuita tsvakurudzo muguta reTIFTON. Akavhura Eagle Grass neTIFSPORT, dzose dzine zvirimwa zvinobva kuChina.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-09-2024