1. Mvura ndiyo musimboti wenzvimbo dzegorofu. Kushomeka kwezviwanikwa zvemvura pasi rese uye huwandu hwakawanda hwemvura inoshandiswa panhandare dzegorofu zvakaita kuti kushandiswa kwemvura kwenzvimbo dzegorofu kuve chinhu chinotariswa neveruzhinji nevezvenhau. Zviwanikwa zvemvura hazviwanikwe munzvimbo zhinji dzenyika yangu, kunyanya kuchamhembe, izvo zvakaita kuti kushandiswa kwemvura chaiyo kwenzvimbo dzegorofu uye kukanganisa kunogona kuitwa nekushandiswa kwemvura panharaunda kuve chinhu chinonetsa munhu wese. Pamusoro pezvo, mutengo wemvura chikamu chakakosha chemutengo wekushanda kwenzvimbo dzegorofu, uye dzimwe nguva inogona kuva chinhu chinouraya zvikuru chinokanganisa nzvimbo dzegorofu. Nekuda kwekushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura "kwakawanda" uye kusashanda zvakanaka, marara aya anoshamisa. Kuchengetedza mvura nekudzokorodza zviwanikwa zvemvura kwave dingindira renharaunda yanhasi uye basa guru rine chekuita nekupona kwenzvimbo dzegorofu. Seindasitiri itsva uye yakakosha munyika huru, kudiwa kukuru kwemvura kweindasitiri yenzvimbo dzegorofu kunofanirwa kukwezva kutariswa kwakapararira. Maitiro ekukunda zvinhu zvinokanganisa mwero wekushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura kuitira kuti zviwanikwa zvemvura zvidzokororwe zvinobudirira kwave chikamu chakakosha chekuvandudzwa kwegorofu. Chinyorwa ichi chinoshandisa zvakanyanya ongororo yemabhuku, ongororo yenyaya, uye kubvunzurudzwa kwenyanzvi. Kutanga kubva pakushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura pari zvino munhandare dzegorofu, pamwe chete nemamiriro chaiwo emakirabhu egorofu, chinyorwa chino chinotsvaga matambudziko aripo mukushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura pari zvino munhandare dzegorofu uye chinopa mhinduro dzinoenderana nazvo.
2. Kuongororwa kwemamiriro ekutanga ekushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura muNhandare dzegorofu dzeChina
Kushandiswa kwemvura munzvimbo dzegorofu kwakabatana zvakanyanya nezvinhu zvakaita sehuwandu hwekusanaya kwemvura (mvura), kupwa kwevhu, hunhu hwehuswa hweuswa hunoda mvura, mamiriro enzvimbo, nzira dzekudiridza, uye nhanho yekutarisira. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, kudiridza kunoshandiswa chete kuwedzera kunaya kwemvura kwechisikigo, nepo mune dzimwe nzvimbo, kudiridza ndiko chete kunobva mvura panguva yekukura. Kushandiswa kwemvura kunosiyana pakati penzvimbo dzegorofu munzvimbo dzakasiyana uye kunyange munzvimbo imwe chete, uye mune imwe nzvimbo yegorofu, kushandiswa kwemvura munzvimbo dzakasiyana kwakasiyanawo. Kunyangwe munzvimbo imwe chete yenhandare yegorofu, mwaka une mvura yakawanda inoshandiswa izhizha, uye mwaka wakaderera imwaka wechirimo, matsutso, nechando.
Kune nzvimbo dzakawanda dzekudiridza mvura dzenhandare dzegorofu, dzinosanganisira mvura yemumatsime, mvura yemudhamu, mvura yedziva, mvura yemudura, mvura yerukova, mvura yerwizi, mvura yemugero, mvura yekunwa yeruzhinji, tsvina yakarapwa, nezvimwewo. Inonyanya kushandiswa kudiridza mvura yemumatsime. Mvura yemumatsime yakacheneswa (mvura yakadzokororwa) ndiyo nzira yekukura kwenzvimbo yekudiridza gorofu. Mvura yakadzokororwa ine zvinovaka muviri zvakaita senitrogen, phosphorus, uye potassium, izvo zvinopa hutano hwekukura kwehuswa. Nokudaro, kudiridza uswa kunopa nzvimbo yakanakisa yekushandisa mvura yakadzokororwa. Sisitimu yakakwana yekudhonza mvura uye sisitimu yekudiridza inobatsira zvikuru mukuchengetedza mvura munzvimbo dzegorofu. Sisitimu yakakwana uye inoshanda yekudhonza mvura ine simba guru pakuunganidzwa kwemvura yekudiridza nemvura inonaya, izvo zvinogona kuvandudza kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura uye kuzadzisa chinangwa chekuchengetedza mvura. Kuwedzera pakuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvenzvimbo, dhizaini yenzvimbo yegorofu inofanirawo kuva nemabasa akawanda akadai sekuchengetedza mvura nekudiridza.
3. Zvinhu zvinokanganisa kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura yegorofu
3.1 Kukanganiswa kwekugadzirwa kwenhandare yegorofu pakushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura
Nzvimbo yegorofu yakajairika inosvika maeka mazana mapfumbamwe negumi nerimwe, uye 67% yacho inzvimbo yehuswa inoda kuchengetedzwa. Kuderedza nzvimbo yekuchengetedza gorofu kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya mari yekugadzirisa nekuvaka gorofu, uye panguva imwe chete kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwemvura.
3.2 Kukanganiswa kwemamiriro ekunze munzvimbo ine nhandare yegorofu pakushandiswa kwemvura
Mvura inonaya munzvimbo ine nhandare yegorofu ine hukama hwakanaka nekushandiswa kwemvura munzvimbo ine gorofu. Nzvimbo dzegorofu munzvimbo dzine mvura yakawanda dzinowanzova nekushomeka kwemvura shoma pane dziri munzvimbo dzine mvura shoma, uye panguva imwe chete, mwero wekushandiswa kwemvura munzvimbo dzine mvura yakawanda hausi wepamusoro sewenzvimbo dzine mvura shoma.
3.3 Mhedzisiro yenzira dzekudiridza pakushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura
Kudiridza inzira inokosha yekutsiva kusanaya kwemvura kwechisikigo muhuwandu uye kusaenzana kwenguva nenzvimbo, uye kuona kuti mvura inodiwa pakukura kwehuswa yakwana zvakakwana. Saka, mukuronga nekugadzira, tinofanira kutanga taedza kushandisa mvura yakasviba yakanatswa kana mvura yepamusoro senzvimbo yemvura, uye kudzivirira kushandisa zvakananga mvura yepasi pevhu kana mvura yekunwa inopihwa ne network yemapaipi emakanzuru semvura yekudiridza inopfapfaidza. Zviri pachena kuti kushandisa nzira dzekudiridza dzinochengetedza mvura kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya mwero wekushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura.
3.4 Kukanganiswa kwekushandiswa kwepombi pakushandiswa kwemvura
Sisitimu yekudhonza mvura yegorofu inofanira kufunga nezvemhedzisiro yekunaya kwemvura yakawanda pasisitimu yekudhonza mvura pakutanga kwedhizaini, kuitira kuti mapaipi anobatanidza dziva regorofu asavharwe uye sisitimu yekudiridza ive nemvura yakakwana yekudiridza. Sisitimu yakakwana yekudhonza mvura uye sisitimu yekudiridza zvinobatsira zvikuru pakuchengetedza mvura panhandare yegorofu.
3.5 Simba rekusarudza mhando dzehuswa zvine mwero
Mwero wekushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura unoreva kushandiswa kwemvura yese kubva muhuswa hwemumashanga uye kupwa kwevhu pamusoro pevhu panokura huswa hwemumashanga. Munhandare dzegorofu, kudiwa kwemvura yekukura kwehuswa ndicho chikamu chikuru chekushandiswa kwemvura munhandare yegorofu, uye kushandiswa kwemvura kwehuswa chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha pakurarama nekukura kweindasitiri yehuswa. Kusarudzwa kwemhando dzehuswa munhandare dzegorofu kunogona kusarudza kushandiswa kwemvura kwenhandare yegorofu. Kusarudza mhando dzehuswa dzine kudiwa kwemvura kushoma uye kusadzivirira kupisa nekusanaya kwemvura kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwemvura munhandare yegorofu.
Mukupfupisa, dhizaini yenhandare ine simba guru pakushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura. Dhizaini yekuderedza nzvimbo yekudiridza inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwemvura munhandare; huwandu hwemvura munzvimbo ine nhandare hunokanganisa kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura munhandare. Kusimbisa mafungiro evashandi munzvimbo dzine mvura yakawanda pakushandiswa kwemvura kunogona kuvandudza kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura; kusarudza kudiridza kwe sprinkler kuti kudiridza nhandare kunogona kuderedza kutambisa mvura uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura; kusarudzwa kwemarudzi ehuswa husinganayi mvura kunogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura munhandare uye kuita kuti kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura kukwane; mhando yekuvakwa kwenzvimbo dzemapaipi enhandare kunogona kuva nemhedzisiro huru pakuchengetedzwa kwezviwanikwa zvemvura; mitemo yemunharaunda, uye maonero ehurumende nezvezviwanikwa zvemvura zvine simba guru pamaonero enhandare nezvezviwanikwa zvemvura.
Zvinokurudzirwa kuwedzera kushandiswa kwemvura yakadzokororwa patsva zvichienderana nezviripo, kuwedzera mari inoshandiswa mukushandiswazve kwemvura yakadzokororwa, kuvaka matangi emvura kuti mvura yemvura neyayo idzokororwe patsva, uye kushandisa mvura yepasi pevhu zvine musoro. Matanho aya achaita kuti pave nesarudzo dzakawanda dzekushandisa mvura panhandare yegorofu. Semuenzaniso,kushambidza jechaMvura yeGuangzhou Fengshen Golf Club inoburitswa zvakananga mutsvina, izvo zvakakonzera kutambisa mvura zvakanyanya. Sekureva kweongororo, 5-8m3 yemvura inodiwa kuti isuke 1m3 yejecha. Nzvimbo yegorofu inoda 10m3 yejecha (jecha rakagezwa) zuva rega rega, uye mvura inodiwa inenge 100m3. Muchiitiko ichi, kana mvura yekugeza jecha ikaunganidzwa, panogona kuiswa dziva uye mvura inogona kunyungudutswa, inogona kushandiswa zvakananga pakudiridza uye kunyungudutswa kwejecha. Panguva imwe chete, kusefa mvura inonyungudutswa kunogona kuwedzera huwandu hwezvicherwa nezvinhu zvipenyu mumvura.
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-24-2024