Dhizaini yenhandare yegorofu ine mwero wakati wekushanduka. Kusiyana nenzvimbo dzayo dzemitambo yezvipfuwo, haina zvinodiwa zvehukuru hwakatarwa uye hwakasimba, chero bedzi ichizadzisa zvinodiwa zvehuwandu hwekurova paburi rimwe nerimwe uye kureba kwenzira. Nhandare dzegorofu dzinowanzo sarudzwa munzvimbo dzine nzvimbo yechisikigo. Saka, musimboti wakakosha wedhizaini ndeyekugadzirisa matanho enzvimbo, kushandisa nekuchenjera nzvimbo yekutanga pakuronga kwazvino, kushandisa zvizere nzvimbo dzechisikigo dzepakutanga dzakadai semausoleums, makomo, madhamu, nemasango, uye kuisanganisa nezvinodiwa zvemakwikwi enzvimbo.Nhandare yeGowerkuderedza huwandu hweEarthwork, kuronga kwakakwana uye dhizaini. Izvi hazvingochengetedze mari chete, asiwo zvinoumba hunhu hwazvo zviri nyore. Kutsvaga hunhu hwemunhu wega ndicho chinhu chikuru chekugadzira nhandare yegorofu. Hakuna nhandare mbiri dzegorofu dzakafanana pasi rose. Dhipatimendi rega rega renhandare yegorofu rakaita tsvakiridzo yakadzama pakugadzira hunhu hwaro kuitira kukwezva nhengo dzakawanda.
1. Kugadzirwa kwetafura yetii: Matafura etii anouya muzvimiro zvakasiyana, ane rectangle, curved surface, uye oval zviri izvo zvinonyanya kushandiswa. Pamusoro pezvo, ma semicircles, denderedzwa, S shapes, L shapes, nezvimwewo zvinowanzo shandiswa. -Nzvimbo yacho yakakura 30-150 square metres, uye yakakwirira 0.3-1.0 metres kupfuura nzvimbo yakapoteredza. Kuti mvura ibude zvakanaka uye kuwedzera kuonekwa kwevanorova, pamusoro payo papfupi, huswa hwakachekwa, zvichida kuti uswa huve nepamusoro pakanaka. Kunyangwe nzvimbo yetii iri diki, inoteverwa zvakanyanya, ichida kuti mvura yepamusoro ikurumidze kudonhedzwa. Tichifunga nezve angle yetii, panofanira kuva nedanho rakati re topography, kazhinji kacho panofanira kunge paine mukwidza mudiki we1%-2%.
2. Dhizaini yeFairway: Nzira yekuchamhembe-kumaodzanyemba ndiyo nzira yakakodzera yefairway. Fairway inowanzo kuve yakareba mamita 90-550 uye yakafara mamita 30-55, ine avhareji yehupamhi hwemamita angangoita 41.
3. Dhizaini yegirini A. Girini inzvimbo yakakosha yeGolf Course. Girini rega rega rakasiyana nehukuru, chimiro, magadzirirwo uye mabunker akapoteredza kuti pave nemakwikwi akawanda uye kufarira. Kureba kwegwenzi regirini kunofanirwa kunge kuri pakati pe5.0-6.4 cm, uye kunofanirwa kunge kwakafanana uye kwakapfava. B. Kuyerera kwegirini. Mvura iri pamusoro pegirini inofanira kubuda kubva kumativi maviri kana kupfuura. Nzvimbo yegirini inofanira kugadzirwa kuitira kuti mitsetse yemvura iri pamusoro ive kure nekwainoenda vanhu. Kutenuka kwenzvimbo zhinji dzegirini hakufanirwe kudarika 3% kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti bhora riri kufamba sei mushure mekurova bhora.
c. Dzidzira kuisa girini. Girini yekudzidzira inzvimbo yakatsaurirwa vatambi vanodzidzira gorofu kuti vadzidzire kurova maburi. Girini yekudzidzira inowanzo kuwanikwa pedyo nekirabhu yegorofu uye tee yekutanga. Zvinofanira kunge zvichikwanisika kugadzira maburi 9-18 nenzvimbo dzawo dzekutsiva. Nzvimbo yegirini inofanira kunge ine mukwidza wakati. 3% yakakodzerawo. Kuve nechokwadi chekuti tsika yekuisa gorofu yakanaka.uswa hwakasvibiraNhandare yegorofu inofanira kunge iine mitambo miviri kana kupfuura inoshandiswa pakutenderera.
4. Nzvimbo yezvipingamupinyi: Nzvimbo yezvipingamupinyi inowanzova nemabunkers, madziva, nemiti. Chinangwa chayo ndechekuranga vatambi nekuda kwekupfura zvisina kururama. Zvakaoma zvikuru kubvisa bhora munzvimbo ine njodzi pane kurova bhora pafairway. A. jecha. Sandpits dzinowanzo fukidza nzvimbo ye140 kusvika 38o square metres, uye mamwe majecha anogona kusvika 2,400 square metres. Mazuva ano, nzvimbo zhinji dzegorofu dzine maburi 18 dzine mabunkers 40-80, ayo anogona kusarudzwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekutamba uye mazano ekugadzira emugadziri. Nzvimbo yemabunkers panhandare yegorofu inofanira kuenderana nehurongwa hwechisikigo, kuitira kuti gorofu vagone kufunga nezvenzvimbo chaiyo yebhokisi re tee. Kazhinji nzvimbo yemabunkers e fairway inotarwa nedaro kubva pa championship tee. Nzvimbo yebunker inofanirawo kuenderana nehunhu hwemvura inoyerera panzvimbo yacho. Bunker inofanira kunge iine mamiriro akanaka emvura pamusoro pevhu uye pasi pevhu. Munzvimbo dzine nzvimbo yakaderera uye mvura yakakwana pasi pevhu, kana munzvimbo dzine mvura inoyerera zvakanaka pasi pejecha.
Makomba ejecha anogona kuvakwa pasi pehuswa. Kubva pakuona kwekuchengetedza nekutarisira. Bunker iri parutivi pegwenzi inofanira kuiswa 3-3.7 metres kubva pagwenzi regirini kuti zvive nyore kupfuura kwemichina yekuvaka uye kudzivirira jecha riri mubunker kuti risaputirwe nemhepo. Ukobvu hwejecha riri pasi pebunker hunofanira kunge huri pasi pegwenzi. Ukobvu hwenzvimbo yakatsetseka kana jecha rakasimudzwa rebunker hunofanira kunge huri pasi pe5cm; ukobvu hwejecha rebunker refairway hunofanira kunge husina kudzika. Zvinodiwa zvejecha zvebunker dzegorofu zvakati twasu. Hukuru hwejecha hunopfuura 75% hunofanira kunge huri pakati pe o.25-0.5 mm (jecha repakati).
5. Muti wechiratidzo. Miti yezviratidzo munzvimbo dzegorofu inodyarwa kuti gorofu rikwanise kuverenga nzvimbo yekumhara kwebhora pavanenge vachirova bhora. Inowanzo kuwanikwa 50, 100, 150, uye 200 mayadhi kubva pabhora (yadhi imwe = 0.9144 metres). Unogona kudyara muti mumwe chete mukuru kana muti mudiki pamayadhi makumi mashanu kana 150, kana kudyara miti miviri mikuru kana miti midiki pamayadhi zana kana mazana maviri, kuitira kuti muroveri agone kuona zviri nyore daro rekumhara kwebhora.
6. Zvimwe. Kuwedzera kune zvataurwa pamusoro apa, dhizaini yenhandare yegorofu inowanzo sanganisira nzvimbo dzekutyaira, dzimba dzekirabhu, nzvimbo dzekuzorora, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinogona kugadzirwa nenzira inochinjika zvichienderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo. Panyaya yenzvimbo yegorofu, migwagwa gumi nemasere inorongwa kubva munzvimbo ine mahekita makumi akawanda. Kazhinji, nzvimbo yegorofu ine maburi gumi nemasere ine maburi mapfupi mana, maburi mana marefu uye maburi gumi epakati. Par i72. Zvisinei, kana paine mutsauko muzvinhu zvakaita senzvimbo yakasarudzika nenzvimbo yevhu, par inogona kuva pakati pe72 plus kana minus 3 pars. Nemamwe mashoko, par inogamuchirwa yemaburi gumi nemasere iri pakati pe69 ne75. Zvichitungamirirwa nevagadziri vane hunyanzvi pakuronga, mabasa emaburi ese gumi nemasere enhandare yegorofu akangokwana kushandisa zvizere seti yese yemakirabhu gumi nemana.
Pamusoro pezvo, daro remakomba mapfupi, epakati neakareba rakatarwa seizvi:
Maburi Mapfupi - Par 3s, akareba pasi pemamita mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu.
Buri repakati iPar 4, rinoreba kubva pamayadhi mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu nerimwe kusvika mazana mana nemakumi manomwe.
Hole refu - Par 5 (Pars), kureba kwemayadhi 471 kana kupfuura
Nguva yekutumira: Kurume-14-2024